A new interstate carrier is a "new entrant" for its first 18 months. FMCSA audits its records within the first 12 months, usually after sending a letter.

The audit is a records review, not a driving test. It's pass or fail. If the carrier fails, FMCSA sends written notice and the carrier must submit a corrective action plan with proof that each problem is fixed: within 60 days for most carriers, 45 days for passenger or placarded hazmat carriers. If they don't, FMCSA revokes the registration and the truck can't run.

• Audit happens in the first 12 months.
• Records review, pass or fail.
• Failed: corrective action plan due in 60 days (45 for hazmat or passengers).
• No plan: registration revoked.